ABSTRACT
Forest engineers and hydrologists regularly calculate design culvert dimensions for use in wildland road-stream crossings. This paper describes a study undertaken to assess the effects of geometric design of forest road and culverts on the rate of culvert settlement of Hyrcanian forest. For this purpose, were measured geometric specification of culvert and proceeded to design cross section using ROADENG software. Results showed increased the rate of settlement with increasing culvert length. So that, was found significant difference among culvert settlements in classes of 0.5 to 0.9 meter and more than 0.9 meter. A significant inverse relationship, with equation of Y = -21.2ln(x) + 19.01 (R² = 0.64) was found between culvert depth and the rate of culvert settlement. The rate of settlement in uphill is more than downhill and the cut and fill slopes has no effect on the rate of settlement. Also, high cross slope of road has an important effect on the rate of culvert settlement. Increased the rate of settlement with increasing culvert skew as compared to 90 degree. So that, there was significant difference between the rate of culvert settlement in classes of 0 to 5 degree and other classes. Thus, inspections should focus on the structural integrity of the road prism, drainage systems, road surface, and sediment control.

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ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to find out the importance of all these aspects as well as the overall importance of refrigerators among consumers. It was carried out through survey of 1000 users (consumers) of refrigerators. This study has revealed that refrigerators are highly important for the people because of the various important features and functions performed by them. Besides, it was also noticed that different parameters like price, cooling capability, anti germ capability, storage capacity, modern features, absence of bad odour, overall quality, user friendliness, warranty, after sales service, customer care, free home delivery, ease of maintenance (for users) as well as other parameters are considered while purchasing refrigerators. Almost all these parameters with the exception of storage capacity, overall quality, warranty, after sales service and ease of maintenance (for users) have influence on their perception regarding overall importance of refrigerators. Besides, it was also noticed that age group, marital status, educational qualification, monthly income and occupation of consumers have influence on their opinion regarding overall importance of refrigerators. However, it has been found from the survey that all companies selling refrigerators should emphasize on all these issues to improve their sales.

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ABSTRACT

This paper attempts to explain the variables that influence the use of debt funds in the Indian Pharmaceutical industry .The results are broadly consistent with the previous research findings. Variables like interest, asset structure, retained earnings and intrinsic value of share are positively associated with leverage while cash flow and interest coverage bear negative association with leverage. Indian pharmaceutical Companies employ substantial amount of debt as is evident from debt-equity ratio as well as total debt to total assets ratio. The  Indian pharmaceutical industry is growing at an annual growth rate of 20 per cent is evolving as one of the major industries in the world with its huge market and a great availability of skilled labour and improved laboratories

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Abstract
The aesthetic quality of hyrcanian forest roadsides is influenced by a number of factors. Among these factors are right-of-way width, earth working (cut and fill slopes), adjacent land use, topography and existing vegetation. The main objectives of this study were to comparison of right-of-way in mountainous and valley forest roads. For this purpose, were measured real right of way and earth working limit using laser rangefinder and mapping index for each road. Results showed, there was significant difference between the earth working limit and real right of way  in valley and mountainous forest roads (P< 0.05). Also, was found significant linear relationship, with equation of Y = 0.249X + 2.202 (R² = 0.69) between range slope and real right of way in mountainous forest road. The rate of earth working limit and real right of way increased with increasing range slope. Horizontal curve radius has an important effect on geometric design of road. So that, the rate of earth work limit decreased with increasing horizontal curve radius. Also, there was a significant linear relationship between horizontal curve radius and real right of way in mountainous (R² = 0.65) and valley (R² = 0.49) forest roads. According to results, right of way and earth working limit should be carefully selected, not only to minimize the total road cost but also to reduce the environmental impact and to improve driver safety.

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ABSTRACT
Compared with many other industries, the construction industry is subject to more risk due to the unique features of construction activities. Risk management aims at identifying sources of risk and uncertainty, determining their impact, and developing appropriate management response. A systematic process of risk management has been divided into risk classification, risk identification, risk analysis and risk response. The ability of a fuzzy system to explain its reasoning process is shown to have definite applicability within the field of risk analysis. Also fuzzy set theory is highly subjective and related to inexact and vague information which we deal in construction projects. This paper describes the development of a fuzzy risk analysis model to assess the risks associated with construction projects. At the end of paper, the proposed model is used to assess the associated risk with a construction operation based on evaluations of three evaluators. The results derived from this model indicate a systematic and effective way for risk analysis.

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Author(s)- Nag.S.K , Anindita Lahiri pp 430- 442 Code : EIJGGS3036

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9. Disaster resilience of transportation infrastructure and ports – An overview

Author(s)- Madhusudan.C, Ganapathy.G.P pp 443- 455 Code : EIJGGS3037

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10. A Geo-Referenced Information System for Tourism (GeoRIST)

Author(s)- Sunil Pratap Singh et al., pp 456- 464 Code : EIJGGS3038

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11. Groundwater withdrawal and land subsidence: A study of Singur Block, West Bengal, India

Author(s)- Malay Ganguli pp 465- 471 Code : EIJGGS3039

12. Use of Radar Remote Sensing for Land Use Dynamic Monitoring in South West Coast of Caspian Sea

Author(s)- Golmehr Ehsan pp 472- 480 Code : EIJGGS3040

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Author(s)-Xintao Liu, Bin Jiang

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces a novel approach to identifying urban sprawl patches based on the statistics of blocks and natural cities under the principle of scaling of geographic space. Blocks are the minimum cycles decomposed from a road network and the important geographic elements in the process of urbanization. Scaling of geographic space refers to the phenomenon that small geographic objects are far more numerous than large ones. In this study, the measurements of block area, morphology and structure are found to demonstrate scaling property and follow heavy tailed distributions. Because of this, the mean values of these measurements can clearly divide all blocks into a two-level hierarchical structure, of which each hierarchy represents different geographical implications. For instance, small blocks imply the urban area while large ones imply rural area. Based on these findings, an improved method is proposed to aggregate the small blocks into natural cities in Texas. We further identify the abnormal blocks inside the natural city of Dallas, Texas as sprawling blocks, which constitute what we call urban sprawl patches. Multiple levels of urban sprawl are classified by performing the above process iteratively. This approach provides a quantitative and natural way to assess urban sprawl in the context of the urban environment.

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1.  A comparative study of Bamboo reinforced concrete beams using different stirrup materials for rural construction

Author(s)- Adom-Asamoah Mark, Afrifa O.Russell pp 407- 423 Code : EIJCSE3033

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2.  Development of Cement Grout mixes for treatment of underground cavities in Kuwait

Author(s)- Kamal H et.al., pp 424- 434 Code : EIJCSE3034

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3.  Mechanical Properties for High Performance Concrete Exposed to High Temperature

Author(s)- Saeed Ahmed Al.Sheikh pp 435- 444 Code : EIJCSE3035

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4.  Nonlinear Seismic Behavior Evaluation of Ductile Beam-Column Connections in Precast Concrete

Author(s)- Hassan Jafarian, Khosrow Bargi pp 445- 453 Code : EIJCSE3036

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5.  Analysis of Flanged Shear Wall Using Ansys Concrete Model

Author(s)- Greeshma  S, Jaya K P, Annilet Sheeja L pp 454- 465 Code : EIJCSE3037

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6.  A study on characterization and use of Pond Ash as fine aggregate in Concrete

Author(s)-Arumugam.K et al., pp 466- 474 Code : EIJCSE3038

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7.  Effect of Nano- Flyash on Strength of Concrete

Author(s)- Prince Arulraj.G, Jemimah Carmichael.M pp 475- 482 Code : EIJCSE3039

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8.  Performance of steel fiber on standard strength concrete in compression

Author(s)-Prashant Y.Pawade et al., pp 483- 492 Code : EIJCSE3040

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9.  Solution of Shear Wall Location in Multi-Storey Building

Author(s)-Anshuman. S et al., pp 493- 506 Code : EIJCSE3041

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10.  Experimental study on Cold Bonded Fly Ash Aggregates

Author(s)-Priyadharshini.P et al., pp 493- 506 Code : EIJCSE3042

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CONTENTS

36. AdBlue: An Overview

Author(s)- Yadav Indrajit N. pp 756- 764 Code : EIJES3073

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37. Utilization of Gebel Attaqa Quarry Waste in the manufacture of Single Fast Firing Ceramic Wall Tiles

Author(s)- Amin. K pp 765- 780 Code : EIJES3074

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38. Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Effluent Using Bacteria

Author(s)- Manisha Nanda et al., pp 765- 780 Code : EIJES3075

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39. Assessment of Ground Water Quality Status for the Tarkwa Mining Municipality in Ghana

Author(s)- Frederick Ato Armah pp 781- 794 Code : EIJES3076

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40. Gully Erosion in Anambra State, South East Nigeria: Issues and Solution

Author(s)- Obiadi. I.I et al., pp 795- 804 Code : EIJES3077

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41. Synthesizing and characterization of chitosan graft co polymer: adsorption studies for Cu (II) and Cr (VI)

Author(s)- Hemalatha. R et al., pp 805- 828 Code : EIJES3078

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42. Monitoring of Air Pollution using Wireless Sensors – A case study of monitoring air pollution in Nagpur city

Author(s)- Tajne K.M, Rathore S.S, Asutkar G.M pp 829- 838 Code : EIJES3079

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43. Biobleaching of wheat straw rich-soda pulp by the application of thermophilic mannanase from Bacillus sp. MG-33

Author(s)- Meenakshi et al., pp 839- 849 Code : EIJES3080

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44. Assessment of underground water quality in North Eastern region of India: A case study of Agartala City

Author(s)- Paul Supantha, Mishra Umesh pp 850- 862 Code : EIJES3081

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45. Biomonitoring of pollution in river Sutlej

Author(s)- Jindal.R, Sharma.C pp 863- 872 Code : EIJES3082

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46. Assessment of the quality of revegetated soil near an active goldmine in southwestern Ghana

Author(s)- Afrifa et al., pp 873- 888 Code : EIJES3083

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47. Heavy metals concentrations in vegetables grown in the vicinity of the closed dumpsite

Author(s)- Charles Kihampa et al., pp 889- 895 Code : EIJES3084

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48. Bioremediation potential of three acclimated bacteria with reference to heavy metal removal from waste

Author(s)- Ashok Kumar, B.S. Bisht, V.D. Joshi pp 896- 908 Code : EIJES3085

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49. Study of Zinc Chloride Induced Changes in Biochemical and Water Quality Parameters with Reference to Eichhornia crassipes

Author(s)- Borker A. R. pp 909- 932 Code : EIJES3086

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50. Assessment of drinking water quality: A case study of Ambala cantonment area, Haryana, India

Author(s)- Chadetrik Rout, Arabinda Sharma pp 933- 945 Code : EIJES3087

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51. Economic activities decrease biodiversity in Hakaluki haor, the largest inland fresh water ecosystem in Bangladesh

Author(s)- Islam. M, Saha. M, Rahman. M pp 946- 956 Code : EIJES3088

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52. Lung function decline: A cohort study in a population exposed to coal dust

Author(s)- Minakshi Bhattacharjee et al., pp 957- 964 Code : EIJES3089

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53. Assessment of ground water quality characteristics and Water Quality Index (WQI) of Bidar city and its industrial area, Karnataka State, India

Author(s)- Shivasharanappa et al., pp 965- 976 Code : EIJES3090

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54. Evaluation and assessment of drinking water quality in Krishnarajanagara town of Mysore district, Karnataka

Author(s)- Shivaraju H.P, Sowmya.K.M pp 977- 987 Code : EIJES3091

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55. Impact of climate variability on road transport in Warri Metropolis

Author(s)- Ojeh V.N, Ojoh C.O pp 988- 995 Code : EIJES3092

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56. Diatoms as indicators of water quality deterioration in the estuaries of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi Districts of Karnataka

Author(s)- Shruthi M. S et al., pp 996- 1006 Code : EIJES3093

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57. Seasonal Variations in Zooplankton Diversity of Railway Pond, Sasaram, Bihar

Author(s)- Pramod Kumar et al., pp 1007- 1016 Code : EIJES3094

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58. Why Environment is a Systems Science: A Commentary

Author(s)- Sen R, Chakrabarti S pp 1017- 1020 Code : EIJES3095

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59. Effect of Lipase in Biodegrading Polybutylene Succinate

Author(s)- Asheeba S.T et al., pp 1021- 1029 Code : EIJES3096

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60. Studies on Potassium content in two root crops under Nitrogen fertilization

Author(s)- Akhtar Ina, Seema Sahay, Firoz.M pp 1030- 1038 Code : EIJES3097

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61. Biodiesel Spentwash: Characterization, Amelioration and its effect on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Biochemical Parameters of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Author(s)-Mohana.V.S pp 1039- 1047 Code : EIJES3098

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62. Small-scale Gold Mining in the Ambalanga Catchment, Philippines: Its Control on Mercury Methylation in Stream Sediments

Author(s)-Corpus, T.J. et al., pp 1048- 1059 Code : EIJES3099

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63. Toxic effects of Carbofuran on Duttaphrynus Melanostictus Larvae 

Author(s)-Jayatillake.B.A.D.M.C et al., pp 1060- 1070 Code : EIJES3100

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64. International environmental law: environmental performance reporting and monitoring practices

Author(s)- Nafiseh Jafarzadeh pp 1071- 1083 Code : EIJES3101

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65. Implication of Solarization against Soil -borne fusaria in leguminous crop fields in Kalli paschim village in Lucknow, India: A Tropical Country

Author(s)- Ankita Shukla, Dwivedi.S.K pp 1083- 1092 Code : EIJES3102

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VOLUME 2, NO 2 – 2011 - Page 1

CONTENTS

1. A study on the physico – chemical analysis of automobile contaminated soil of uttarakhand, India

Author(s)- Bahuguna.A pp 380- 388 Code : EIJES3038

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2. Comparative Study on Hepatoprotective activity of Aegle marmelos and Eclipta alba against alcohol induced in albino rats

Author(s)- Arun.K, Balasubramanian.U pp 389- 402 Code : EIJES3039

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3. Improving multiple linear regression model using principal component analysis for predicting PM10 concentration in Seberang Prai, Pulau Pinang

Author(s)- Ul-Saufie A.Z, Yahya A.S, Ramli N.A pp 403- 410 Code : EIJES3040

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4. Histological Studies on the Cadmium Chloride Exposed Air-Breathing Fish, Heteropnuestes fossilis (Bloch) With Special Reference to Ovaries

Author(s)- Shivani Sharma et al., pp 411- 416 Code : EIJES3041

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5. Phytoremediation of Chromium contaminated soil using Sorghum plant

Author(s)- Revathi.K, Haribabu.T.E, Sudha. P.N pp 417- 428 Code : EIJES3042

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6. An evaluation of forest conservation perceptions after a decade of community conservation in Afadjato-Agumatsa, Ghana

Author(s)- Erasmus H. Owusu, Edem K. Ekpe pp 429- 439 Code : EIJES3043

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7. Assessment of heavy metals and their interrelationships with some physicochemical parameters in Eco-efficient rivers of Himalayan Region

Author(s)- Kansal Ankur,SiddiquiN.A,Gautam Ashutosh pp 440- 450 Code : EIJES3044

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8. Haematology and Haemochemistry of Silkworm, Bombyx Mori L. Infected with Bacillus Thurungenses

Author(s)- Anandakumar, M. D, Ann Sandhya Michael pp 451- 457 Code : EIJES3045

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9. Effects of repeated burning on woody vegetation structure and composition in a semi-arid southern African savanna

Author(s)- Edson Gandiwa pp 458- 471 Code : EIJES3046

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10. Physico-Chemical parameters of Karamana River Water in Trivandrum District, Kerala, India

Author(s)-Sujitha P.C et al., pp 472- 490 Code : EIJES3047

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11. Cage culture of Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch and Scheneider, 1801) in Mandapam Coastal waters (Southeast Coast of India)

Author(s)- Badhul Haq M.A et al., pp 491- 501 Code : EIJES3048

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12. Graphical and statistical approaches to assess the quality of ground water of Sikar city, Rajasthan, India

Author(s)- Radhey Shyam, Kalwania.G.S pp 502- 513 Code : EIJES3049

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13. Horizontal transmission of  Wolbachia in the honeybee subspecies Apis mellifera carnica and its ectoparasite Varroa destructor

Author(s)- Mahesh Pattabhiramaiah pp 514- 523 Code : EIJES3050

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14. Antipathogenic activity of marine Gastropoda (Hemifusus pugilinus) from Pazhayar, South East Coast of India

Author(s)- Dhinakaran et al., pp 524- 530 Code : EIJES3051

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15. Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Histoarchitecture of Liver and Kidney of a freshwater Catfish, Clarias Batrachus

Author(s)- Bilal Ahmad et al., pp 531- 536 Code : EIJES3052

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16. Classification of radioactive wastes and their derived release limits FROM near surface repository: Proposed approach

Author(s)- Mahmoud N.S, Abdellatif M. M. pp 537- 559 Code : EIJES3053

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17. Assessment of  water quality of River Bandi affected by textile dyeing and printing effluents, Pali, Western Rajasthan, India

Author(s)- Jaya Rathore pp 560- 568 Code : EIJES3054

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18. Seasonal variation of South China Sea physical characteristics off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia from 2002-2010 datasets

Author(s)- Akhir.M.F, Sinha.P.C, Hussain.M.L pp 569- 575 Code : EIJES3055

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19. Evaluation of water quality, Hydro-geochemistry of confined and Unconfined aquifers and irrigation water quality in Digha Coast of West Bengal, India (A case study)

Author(s)- Anirban K. Chowdhury, Srimanta Gupta pp 576- 589 Code : EIJES3056

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20. Wastewater Treatment with Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland

Author(s)- Borkar.R.P, Mahatme.P.S pp 590- 603 Code : EIJES3057

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21. Use of Sesame Bran (Industry Byproduct) in the Broiler Chicks Diet and its effects on the performance and Carcass quality characteristics

Author(s)- Abbas Talha E, Ahmed Mohamed E pp 604- 612 Code : EIJES3058

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22. Municipal Solid Waste Management at Amravati City – Present practice and future challenges

Author(s)- Khandve. P. V, Rai.R.K pp 613- 623 Code : EIJES3059

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23. Adsorption of Copper (II) and Nickel (II) Ions on Chitin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Binary Blend:  Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies

Author(s)- Hema.S, Kumaran.T. M, Sudha.P.N pp 624- 637 Code : EIJES3060

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24. Used oil generation and management in the automotive industries

Author(s)- Jhanani. S, Kurian Joseph pp 638- 648 Code : EIJES3061

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25. Effect of Cyanopith Biofertilizer as Basal and Spray on Zea Mays (Corn) Cultivation

Author(s)- Subramaniyan.V, Malliga.P pp 649- 658 Code : EIJES3062

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26. Accumulation of heavy metals in fishes: A human health concern

Author(s)- Javed.M, Usmani.N pp 659- 670 Code : EIJES3063

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27. Phytosociological analysis of Mangroves at Kannur District, Kerala

Author(s)- Vidyasagaran. K et al., pp 671- 677 Code : EIJES3064

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28. Optimization of bacteriocin production by Pediococcus acidilactici MPK1 using response surface methodology

Author(s)- Patil M. M et al., pp 678- 685 Code : EIJES3065

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29. Degradation of AZO Dye in fixed film Bioreactors: A bench scale study

Author(s)- Suresh Kumar, Pawan Kumar Singh pp 686- 695 Code : EIJES3066

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30. Determinants of public participation in management activities of local parks

Author(s)- Akbari M et al., pp 696- 709 Code : EIJES3067

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31. Physicochemical analysis of selected ground water samples of Vijayawada rural and urban in Krishna district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Author(s)- Venkateswara Rao.B pp 710- 714 Code : EIJES3068

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32. Biodiversity of Grasses and Associated Vegetation on Different Aged Soil Dumps from Sonepur Bazari OCP, Raniganj Coalfield

Author(s)- Sanjoy Kumar et al., pp 715- 722 Code : EIJES3069

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33. Microbial diversity in solid waste molasses of Sugar Industry, Aranthangi, Tamilnadu

Author(s)- Jai Shankar Pillai et al., pp 723- 730 Code : EIJES3070

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34. GIS based Assessment of Noise Pollution in Guwahati City of Assam, India

Author(s)- Wazir Alam pp 731- 740 Code : EIJES3071

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35. Biodegradation prospective of microbes

Author(s)- Vignesh.R et al., pp 741- 755 Code : EIJES3072

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